NIDA Notes Articles: April 2012

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Alleviation of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder May Improve Addiction Treatment

April 2012

Women with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who abused drugs responded better to substance abuse treatment after their PTSD symptoms improved, according to a recent study, which also found that reductions in substance abuse did not ease PTSD severity

Well-Known Mechanism Underlies Benzodiazepines' Addictive Properties

April 2012
New research establishes that benzodiazepines cause addiction in a way similar to that of opioids, cannabinoids, and the club drug GHB. The discovery opens the door to designing new benzodiazepines that counteract anxiety but are not addictive.

Tobacco Smokers Have High Probability of Transition to Dependence

April 2012
First-time smokers have a much higher chance of eventually becoming dependent than first-time users alcohol, cannabis, and cocaine.

Women and Sex/Gender Differences Research Program

April 2012
NIDA’s Women and Sex/Gender Differences Research Program focuses on gender-specific addiction risk factors and treatment needs.

Antiretroviral Treatment Reduces Spread of HIV Among Injection Drug Users

April 2012
Expanded use of antiretroviral therapy in British Columbia reduced the spread of HIV among injection drug users and others in the province.

Desire to Smoke Subsides, But Cigarette Cues Retain Power

April 2012

During early abstinence, smokers’ cravings triggered by cigarette cues intensified over time, providing evidence that people can experience a phenomenon previously observed in experiments with animals

Physical Activity Reduces Return to Cocaine Seeking in Animal Tests

April 2012

Two independent animal studies suggest that aerobic exercise might help cocaine abusers establish and maintain abstinence.

Research Focuses on Groups With High Smoking Rates

April 2012
Dr. Volkow discusses NIDA’s efforts to develop effective antismoking treatments for populations with persistently high rates of smoking, such as people with psychiatric disorders, high school dropouts, and Native Americans.

Cognitive Strategy Reduces Craving by Altering Brain Activity

April 2012

While viewing images of cigarettes, smokers reported milder cravings when they shifted their focus from the pleasures of smoking to its harmful effects. Brain imaging showed a correlation between the reductions in craving and altered activity levels in regions associated with emotional regulation and reward.

Vouchers Improve Mothers’ Smoking Abstinence and Newborns’ Weight

April 2012

Pregnant women who received financial incentives to refrain from smoking during late pregnancy were more successful at remaining abstinent and less likely to have babies with low birth weight, according to data from three trials.

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Alleviation of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder May Improve Addiction Treatment

Well-Known Mechanism Underlies Benzodiazepines' Addictive Properties

Tobacco Smokers Have High Probability of Transition to Dependence

Women and Sex/Gender Differences Research Program

Antiretroviral Treatment Reduces Spread of HIV Among Injection Drug Users

Desire to Smoke Subsides, But Cigarette Cues Retain Power

Physical Activity Reduces Return to Cocaine Seeking in Animal Tests

Research Focuses on Groups With High Smoking Rates

Cognitive Strategy Reduces Craving by Altering Brain Activity

Vouchers Improve Mothers’ Smoking Abstinence and Newborns’ Weight

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