NIDA Notes Articles: Research Briefs

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Oxycodone Vaccine Passes Early Tests (May 2013)

A new vaccine hindered the often-abused prescription opioids oxycodone and hydrocodone from entering the brain and suppressed one of the drugs’ signature central nervous system effects. The findings warrant continued development of the vaccine as a potential aid in the treatment of oxycodone and hydrocodone abuse and dependence.

Study Endorses Onsite HIV Testing Without Risk Reduction Counseling (April 2013)

Patients were more likely to take a rapid HIV test when substance abuse treatment programs offered the test onsite rather than referred for offsite testing. Patients were equally likely to accept and learn their HIV status whether the offer of onsite testing was accompanied by 30 minutes of risk reduction counseling or by 5 minutes of brief information on the testing procedure. Onsite testing accompanied by brief information was cost effective, taking into account the projected lifetime costs of treatment and the gains in health and longevity for detected cases.

Gabapentin Tested To Treat Marijuana Dependence (April 2013)

Marijuana-dependent outpatients who were treated with the medication gabapentin in a pilot clinical trial reduced their cannabis use more and reported fewer symptoms of drug withdrawal than patients who received a placebo.

Thoughts of Suicide May Persist Among Nonmedical Prescription Opiate Users (March 2013)

People who use prescription opiates nonmedically are more likely to consider suicide than those who use these medications only appropriately or not at all. A recent NIDA-supported study also disclosed that the risk for suicidal thoughts remains elevated after cessation of use.

Staff Stress Affects Patients’ Engagement in Therapy (February 2013)

Several factors contribute to treatment professionals’ stress and burnout, including how much influence they feel they have in their organization and their caseload. Surprisingly, a NIDA-supported study found that the link between staff stress and burnout was weaker in programs with higher patient caseloads than those with lower caseloads. In addition, program administrators can help counselors reduce their stress by giving them a voice in organizational policies and procedures.

SAAF‒T Reduces African American Teens’ Substance Use, Conduct Problems (February 2013)

Teens who participated in the intervention Strong African American Families‒Teen at age 16 reported fewer conduct problems and depressive symptoms and less substance abuse at age 17‒18, compared to peers exposed to a control intervention.

Crime Does Not Increase Around Methadone Clinics in Baltimore (January 2013)

Methadone treatment centers are not foci for serious criminal activity, according to a study that used crime reports and global positioning data to compare crime rates at various distances around methadone centers, hospitals, convenience stores, and residential neighborhoods.

Program Reduces Recidivism Among Men With Co-occurring Disorders (July 2012)

A modified therapeutic community program designed by NIDA-supported researchers helped Colorado offenders with co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders re-enter their communities and avoid recidivism after release from prison.

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure Increases Monkeys' Impulsivity Into Adulthood (July 2012)

Prenatal drug exposure can have behavioral effects that last well into adulthood, according to two studies of adult monkeys prenatally exposed to cocaine. In the first study, drug-exposed monkeys exhibited less flexibility than controls in adjusting to changing circumstances; in the second study, drug-exposed males exhibited a greater preference than controls for having rewards right away, a sign of impulsivity.

More Convenient Preparations of Buprenorphine Pass Test (July 2012)

Soluble-film preparations of buprenorphine suppressed heroin abusers’ withdrawal symptoms with no serious side effects in a recent clinical trial. They dissolved more rapidly in the mouth than the pill form of the medication, providing faster relief.

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Oxycodone Vaccine Passes Early Tests (May 2013)

Study Endorses Onsite HIV Testing Without Risk Reduction Counseling (April 2013)

Gabapentin Tested To Treat Marijuana Dependence (April 2013)

Thoughts of Suicide May Persist Among Nonmedical Prescription Opiate Users (March 2013)

Staff Stress Affects Patients’ Engagement in Therapy (February 2013)

SAAF‒T Reduces African American Teens’ Substance Use, Conduct Problems (February 2013)

Crime Does Not Increase Around Methadone Clinics in Baltimore (January 2013)

Program Reduces Recidivism Among Men With Co-occurring Disorders (July 2012)

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure Increases Monkeys' Impulsivity Into Adulthood (July 2012)

More Convenient Preparations of Buprenorphine Pass Test (July 2012)

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