Prescription Opioid Addiction Treatment Study (POATS)

This was a randomized outpatient study for treatment-seeking participants dependent on prescription opioid analgesics. The primary objective was to determine whether the addition of individual drug counseling to the prescription of buprenorphine/naloxone (Bup/Nx) and Standard Medical Management (SMM) improves outcome. Participants were randomized at the beginning of each of two phases to receive BUP/NX paired with either Standard Medical Management (SMM) or Enhanced Medical Management (EMM; defined as SMM plus individual counseling). Six hundred and fifty three participants were randomized into Phase 1, and 360 participants were randomized into Phase 2.